Monday, 4 November 2013

Does smart classroom an effective technology for teaching: a research Analysis

Vol. 10 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Apr-Jun

Title : Does smart classroom an effective technology for teaching: a research Analysis

Author Name : Dr. Ananta Kumar Jena

Synopsis :

The purpose of the study was to investigate the elementary school students’ perception towards the traditional over smart classroom instruction. In the present study, hundred elementary school students from two Indian schools have been randomly selected as the sample of the study. The learners’ perception scores were analyzed by chi-square and Univariate factor analysis techniques. It was found that traditional instructional strategy, and the teachers’ knowledge, modes of transaction, skill of presentation, use of the blackboard, illustration with examples, questioning, reinforcement, and the feedback was comparatively better than smart class instruction.

The Triangulation Algorithmic: A Transformative Function for Designing and Deploying Effective Educational Technology Assessment Instruments

Vol. 10 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Apr-Jun

Title : The Triangulation Algorithmic: A Transformative Function for Designing and Deploying Effective Educational Technology Assessment Instruments

Author Name : James E. Osler II

Synopsis :

This paper discusses the implementation of the Tri–Squared Test as an advanced statistical measure used to verify and validate the research outcomes of Educational Technology software. A mathematical and epistemological rational is provided for the transformative process of qualitative data into quantitative outcomes through the Tri–Squared Test as an efficient technique for the rapid testing of software applications designed for the educational setting. The design of fixed-parameter algorithms for software engineering problems can prove to be beneficial to the Educational Technologist who has to efficiently and rapidly evaluate a software tool for deployment. This novel methodology provides elegance and has a wide range of applicability to practically address important and relevant problems in the “trial and error” process of application evaluation. This research is the continuation of a dynamic mixed methods approach that is a transformative process which changes qualitative data into quantitative outcomes through the Tri–Squared statistical measure first introduced in i-manager's Journal of Mathematics.

Pedagogy Redefined: Frameworks of Learning Approaches Prevalent in the Current Digital Information Age

Vol. 10 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Apr-Jun

Title : Pedagogy Redefined: Frameworks of Learning Approaches Prevalent in the Current Digital Information Age

Author Name : Isam Najib AlFuqaha

Synopsis :

This paper attempts to delineate the frameworks of learner-centered vis-à-vis teacher-centered processes of learning prevalent in the second decade of the twenty-first century. It defines the pedagogical changes that have emerged due to the development of delivery technologies, and the interrelations among teachers, students, and knowledge.The paper clarifies the following frameworks of learning approaches: learner-centered yet teacher-determined pre-web pedagogy, the multi-directed web 1.0 learning (andragogy), the learner-determined web 2.0 learning (heutagogy), and the network-directed web 3.0 learning (paragogy). The difference between the pedagogy and andragogy paradigms is succinctly that the first is child-centered, while the second is adult-centered. The difference between the heutagogy and paragogy paradigms is a matter of degree of maturity and autonomy, as well as self-direction versus instructor-control. Paragogy requires more autonomy and self-direction. A study conducted at Philadelphia University- Jordan, revealed that 62% of faculty members surveyed considered themselves performing the role of andragogy (Teacher Multi-directed Adult Learning paradigm), 21% appeared to perform that of the pedagogy paradigm (pre-web or Teacher Uni-directed Student Learning paradigm), while 12% said that they perform the role of heutagogy (Self-directed Learning paradigm), and 5% that of paragogy (Network-directed Learning paradigm). This paper also tries to outline the basic theories of connectedness and collaboration, as well as the four stages of development of the learning processes, ranging from pre-web learning styles (comprising traditional, radio learning. Video books, and computer– assisted learning styles), web 1.0 (including electronic and blended learning styles), web 2.0 (making mobile and ubiquitous learning styles possible), and web 3.0 (facilitating the pervasive learning style). It describes the impact of new social software technologies upon teacher-knowledge, learner-knowledge, teacher–learner relations, and social networking. The main contribution of this paper is one of awareness that the traditional role of faculty members operating in pre-web content-based situations has become obsolete and improper. It clarifies the frameworks of self-determined life-long learning that made educational institutions redefine the packages of services they offer, and procure the infrastructure required to perform their duties in the current digital age. Redefinition of pedagogy to meet requirements of the twenty-first century students seems to be a must, and should form an integral part of any professional training program designed for university faculty members.

University ESL Learners’ Cross-Cultural Transitions through Web-Based Project Work

Vol. 10 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Apr-Jun

Title : University ESL Learners’ Cross-Cultural Transitions through Web-Based Project Work

Author Name : Migyu Kang, Katherine Richardson Bruna

Synopsis :

This study sought to account for East Asian learners’ cross-cultural transitions to US university Intensive English classroom culture within a technology-mediated language teaching approach, PrOCALL (Project-Oriented Computer Assisted Language Learning). It explored the influence of this approach on classroom interaction patterns acquired in the prior EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classrooms of their countries of origin. Our interpretation of this influence demonstrates that web-based project work has potential to boost cross-cultural communication, facilitating East Asian learners’ socialization to the interactive norms of the US university Intensive English classroom. In the study, a group of ESL (English as a Second Language) learners in a university Intensive English high-intermediate reading class implemented a cross-cultural project using web-based authentic materials and tasks. They were involved in decision-making on a cultural topic for a group project, data collection on their cultural topic, group webpage design, and oral presentation. During these activities, learners showed interest and engagement in getting to know other cultures and increased oral interactions. Interviews with the learners confirmed that their classroom interactions had been enhanced through the web-based project implementation

OTLA: a New Model for Online Teaching, Learning and Assessment in Higher Education

Vol. 10 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Apr-Jun

Title : OTLA: a New Model for Online Teaching, Learning and Assessment in Higher Education

Author Name : Yaron Ghilay, Ruth Ghilay

Synopsis :

The study examined a new asynchronous model for online teaching, learning and assessment, called OTLA. It is designed for higher-education institutions and is based on LMS (Learning Management System)as well as other relevant IT tools. The new model includes six digital basic components: text, hypertext,text reading, lectures (voice/video), exercises (optional and compulsory) and a final computerised exam. It is accompanied by deep daily involvement of the course lecturer. The research was based on two samples of students studying in two colleges (n1=50, n2 =46) who participated in OTLA courses.All students were asked to answer the same questionnaire focused on three areas: the course components, characteristics of learning process and time investment. Besides,achievements of an OTLA course were compared to the same course in a "face to face" format. The research reveals that according to students' views, the new model is very helpful for their studying process. Furthermore, achievements in an OTLA course were found to be equal or better in comparison to an equivalent face-to-face course. The study's results point out that there is a significant worthiness to adopt the new model in universities and colleges.

Degree of Hybridity: Peer Review in the Blended Composition Classroom

Vol. 10 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Apr-Jun

Title : Degree of Hybridity: Peer Review in the Blended Composition Classroom

Author Name : Rebecca Helminen Middlebrook

Synopsis :

As the move to increase availability of composition courses in the online environment continues, it is important to understand the ways in which composition instructors take on the challenges associated with moving their teaching online and how they modify, or re-mediate, their pedagogy for this new teaching and learning environment. By investigating the views composition instructors hold regarding technology use in their teaching practices, factors that may influence the degree of re-mediation of pedagogical practices seen in hybrid, or blended, first-year composition courses were identified. One factor in particular that had a great effect on the degree of pedagogical re-mediation in this study was identified and defined as degree of hybridity.

Sunday, 14 July 2013

Blended Learning Environments in Arab Universities: Probing Current Status and Projecting Future Directions

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue: Jan-Mar

Title : Blended Learning Environments in Arab Universities: Probing Current Status and Projecting Future Directions 

Author Name : Isam Najib AlFuqaha  

Synopsis :

This paper is a review of blended learning as a catalyst of optimizing the achievement of learning objectives. Blended learning forms an attempt to apply the right learning technologies to match the right personal learning styles to transfer the right skills to the right persons at the right times. The paper is about rethinking the teaching and learning processes through reconsidering the traditional concepts of university pedagogy, student attendance patterns and methods of learning. The paper uses three questionnaires to examine the environment of educational practices at Philadelphia University-Jordan as a model of Arab universities. It outlines the pros and cons of new technological devices currently used, or are projected to be used within the coming five years from the point of view of a stratified random sample of around (%42) of the faculty at Philadelphia University. It demarcates the challenges and risks waiting ahead from using such devices, and tries to describe some future directions in the field of blended learning. The paper also delineates the structure-map of a model of the teaching process of an e-learning module. Responses to the questionnaires indicate that online courses, social networks and text messaging notification will certainly be in use in university pedagogy within five years, while mashups and sensor networks have meager opportunity to prevail. Results show that the semester university system is expected to become obsolete due to the varied lengths of modules, and that university requirements will vary. Feasibility of tailoring programs according to student preferences has low opportunity of adoption. The responses indicate a high risk of students graduating without obtaining the basic knowledge of certain subjects due to easy access to information and research. Results also reveal an increased possibility of plagiarism, and that there is no expected increase in students engaging in unacceptable behavior towards faculty as a result of using new technological devices.  The paper concludes that Arab universities are still lagging in adopting blended learning due to the inadequacy of organizational readiness, unqualified faculty, high cost of module production, and the unavailability of the infrastructure needed especially in rural areas. Collaborative work among universities seems essential to achieve positive change in the modes of education based on interactivity. Recommendations at university and governmental levels are highlighted to promote the implementation of blended learning at Arab universities.

A Rotational Blended Learning Model: Enhancement and Quality Assurance

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue:
Jan-Mar

Title : A Rotational Blended Learning Model: Enhancement and Quality Assurance

Author Name : Said Ghoul

Synopsis :
 
Research on blended learning theory and practice is growing nowadays with a focus on the development, evaluation, and quality assurance of case studies. However, the enhancement of blended learning existing models, the specification of their online parts, and the quality assurance related specifically to them have not received enough attention. This paper presents in detail an enhancement, implementation, and evaluation of a rotational blended learning model. This model was adopted by the UNISCO Avicenna Virtual University. Also, its impact on some quality assurance criteria of the rotational blended learning model was presented. This research is unique in the sense that it specifies clearly the online part of the rotational blended learning model with its impact on the main quality assurance criteria.  

Towards Quality Higher Education in the Arab World: Challenges of the Present and Aspirations of the Future


Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue:
Jan-Mar

Title : Towards Quality Higher Education in the Arab World: Challenges of the Present and Aspirations of the Future

Author Name : Mohammad Amin Awwad

Synopsis

This paper aims at providing an objective evaluation and transformation of Higher Education in the Arab World with a focus on its contribution to knowledge and human development. It argues that despite the great expansion in the number of higher education institutions and the great increase in the number of students enrolled in them, the needs and aspirations of Arab societies have not been fulfilled as the contribution of these institutions to human development and applied science and technology does not measure up to international standards. In order to improve the quality of higher education provision, outcomes, and economic feasibility, the paper provides a survey of e-learning and blended education and argues that blended education should be adopted as the backbone of higher education in the Arab World due to its excellent content, methodology, outcomes, and economic feasibility.

A Proposed Multimedia Cone of Abstraction: Updating a Classic Instructional Design Theory

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue:
Jan-Mar

Title : A Proposed Multimedia Cone of Abstraction: Updating a Classic Instructional Design Theory

Author Name : Charles E. Baukal, Floyd B. Ausburn, Lynna J. Ausburn

Synopsis

Advanced multimedia techniques offer significant learning potential for students. Dale (1946, 1954, 1969) developed a Cone of Experience (CoE) which is a hierarchy of learning experiences ranging from direct participation to abstract symbolic expression. This paper updates the CoE for today’s technology and learning context, specifically focused on the use of multimedia in education. The new hierarchy, called the Multimedia Cone of Abstraction (MCoA), has fewer primary levels than the CoE but many more total levels because of multiple potentialsublevels. The purpose of the MCoA is to help instructional designers of educational content to select appropriate multimedia for each learning context.

Student Perceptions of Asynchronous and Synchronous Web Based Tools and Perceived Attainment of Academic Outcomes

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue:
Jan-Mar

Title : Student Perceptions of Asynchronous and Synchronous Web Based Tools and Perceived Attainment of Academic Outcomes

Author Name : Melissa A. Parenti

Synopsis :

With an increasing presence and continual adaptations related to distance learning, there is a recognized need for up to date research in the area of effectiveness of online education programs. More specifically, assessing the capacity to attain academic goals by use of asynchronous and synchronous web based tools within learning management systems (LMS) requires further evaluation.  Research within this study was designed to assess student perceptions of the abilities of the various asynchronous and synchronous web-based tools to assist in the perceived attainment of academic outcomes. The mixed method study included 33 participants (n=33) enrolled in a Master of Arts in Teaching distance learning program. A post-only Likert scale survey was employed to collect quantitative data linked to perceptions of the ability of various web-based instructional tools to assist in the perceived attainment of learning outcomes. Descriptive statistics revealed preference for the live synchronous Class Time sessions, live synchronous Chat Pod messaging, and asynchronous ongoing email communication. Additionally, qualitative feedback was gathered via open-ended response and observation of twenty-one recorded Class Time sessions. The qualitative findings within this study were consistent with the research detailing the benefits of varied ongoing interactions and immediacy of feedback in the online learning setting. 

Photographic Inquiry and Educational Technologies: Generating Meaningful Narratives

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue:
Jan-Mar

Title : Photographic Inquiry and Educational Technologies: Generating Meaningful Narratives

Author Name : Dr. Raji Swaminathan, Thalia Mulvihill

Synopsis :

This article examines the possibilities of photography as a tool for Qualitative Research data collection, data analysis, and display. The authors argue that the new vanguard of educational technologies (ETs) further illuminates the analytical possibilities of photographic data and ETs can serve as an engaging way to interact with meaning-making related to the increasingly more visual socio-cultural context of qualitative inquiry.  ETs related to creating and displaying photographs combined with engaging multimodal pedagogies can produce endless possibilities for arranging data and generating meaningful narratives.

Embedding Mixed-Reality Laboratories into E-Learning Systems for Engineering Education

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2013

Issue:
Jan-Mar

Title : Embedding Mixed-Reality Laboratories into E-Learning Systems for Engineering Education

Author Name : Munther N. Al-Tikriti, Kasim M. Al-Aubidy

Synopsis

E-learning, virtual learning and mixed reality techniques are now a global integral part of the academic and educational systems. They provide easier access to educational opportunities to a very wide spectrum of individuals to pursue their educational and  qualification objectives. These modern techniques have the potentials to improve the quality of the teaching and learning process and elevate its performance to higher standards. Furthermore, e-learning in conjunction with mixed reality techniques can reduce the cost of higher education at both institutional and individual learner levels. In this paper, the focus will be on teaching-learning of applied science such as engineering. These studies demand special requirements, such as acquiring specific technical skills and practices through training. Our objective in this paper is the explanation and design of remote laboratories in mixed-reality mode. Decision making and evaluation of performance using fuzzy logic will be embedded in the proposed design.

Wednesday, 27 March 2013

A Study On The Role Of Web Technology In Enhancing Research Pursuance Among University Academia Author

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012
Issue: Oct-Dec
Title: A Study On The Role Of Web Technology In Enhancing Research Pursuance Among University Academia  Author
Name: Irshad Hussain, Muhammad Ismail Durrani 
Synopsis: 
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of web technologies in promoting research pursuance among university teachers, examine the use of web technologies by university teachers in conducting research and identify the problems of university academia in using web technologies for research. The study was delimited to academia of social sciences of universities located in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. The study consisted on two types of population: university teachers and their academic heads —deans and heads of departments. The subjects of study comprised 200 university teachers and 25 academic heads taken through random sampling technique.  Two questionnaires were developed on 5-point (likert) scale for data collection. The research tools were validated through pilot testing. The researchers administered finalized research tools and collected data. The response rate was calculated to be 75% and 72% for university teachers and their academic heads respectively. The study revealed that university academia used web technologies for accessing to latest research related to their respective area/field of studies. They used such technologies for sharing their academic experiences and findings of research among their communities. It was determined that web technologies played a crucial role in promoting their access to open world-wide educational resources which otherwise were very difficult for them to access. The university teachers reported some minor problems in using web technologies like low bandwidth of internet and electricity break down/ load shedding.

Creativity and Learning in the Virtual Sphere: Perspectives from Doctoral Students

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012
Issue: Oct-Dec
Title: Creativity and Learning in the Virtual Sphere: Perspectives from Doctoral Students 
Author Name: Thalia Mulvihill, Dr. Raji Swaminathan 
Synopsis: 
The purpose of this article is to analyze the perspectives of doctoral students on creativity and learning in the virtual environment. The researchers investigated the following central research question: to what extent is creative thinking fostered in virtual environments? In addition, the paper also examined how creativity is practiced in virtual environments. The paper will share the results of a 10 item anonymous survey distributed to doctoral students and doctoral faculty regarding their experiences with virtual learning environments and their creative thinking activities. Descriptive statistics and open coding were used to analyze the survey results and to make recommendations for innovative doctoral-level virtual pedagogies meant to build and enhance creative thinking. The results provide educators with further insights about how to structure learning environments with a view toward fostering creativity.

Quality Assurance in Distance and Open Learning

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012
Issue: Oct-Dec
Title: Quality Assurance in Distance and Open Learning 
Author Name: Mohammed Mahafzah 
Synopsis: 
E-learning has become an increasingly important teaching and learning mode in educational institutions and corporate training. The evaluation of E-learning, however, is essential for the quality assurance of E-learning courses. This paper constructs a three-phase evaluation model for E-learning courses, which includes development, process, and product evaluation, called the DPP evaluation model. Development evaluation includes, course material design, E-learning platform, course Web site design, learning resource, interactivity, assessment, and tutor support. Process evaluation includes technical support, Web site utilization, learning interaction, learning evaluation, learning support, and flexibility. Product evaluation includes student satisfaction, teaching effectiveness, learning effectiveness, and sustainability. This research uses the DPP model to evaluate a purely E-learning course in Distance and open Learning, developed by Philadelphia University. According to summative evaluation through a student E-learning experience survey, the majority of students were satisfied on all E-learning dimensions of an E-learning course. The majority of students thought that the learning effectiveness of this course was equivalent, even better, than face-to-face learning because of cross-border collaborative learning, sufficient learning support, and learning flexibility. This study shows that a high quality of teaching and learning might be assured by using the systematic DPP evaluation procedure. It is hoped that the DPP evaluation model can provide a benchmark for establishing a wider E-learning quality assurance mechanism in educational institutions.

E-learning teacher training courses for differentiated instruction in multicultural classrooms: reflections upon the participants’ experiences

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012
Issue: Oct-Dec
Title: E-learning teacher training courses for differentiated instruction in multicultural classrooms: reflections upon the participants’ experiences 
Author Name: Catherine Dimitriadou, Eirini Nari , Nektaria Palaiologou 
Synopsis: 
The focus and purpose of this paper is to present an e-learning teacher training course, including its aims and main results from teachers' interviews. The case study presented here examines the effectiveness of an in-service training seminar which was targeted toward teachers at multicultural schools. It concerns qualitative research that stresses interpretative and subjective dimensions of texts which comprise multiple meanings, resulting from multiple readings and interpretations. The structure of the paper is set out in three parts: First, the educational framework within which the study was developed is presented, then, the methodology connected with its development is described, and finally, teachers' replies are presented and discussed. The e-learning teacher training course was created within the frame of an Intercultural Education programme, focusing on differentiated instruction. Participating teachers were asked to create teaching scenarios in the direction of Intercultural Education. Human rights posters were used as motivation for the teachers and the derived scenarios were used for an arts-informed narrative inquiry aimed at investigating the teachers’ knowledge on how to exploit resources as intercultural storytellers through media texts. The study also sets a framework for the development of visual literacy practices in multicultural classrooms, thus enhancing the intercultural competency of teachers.

Using ICT for Training Teachers in Design and Technology Education (TTDTE)

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012
Issue: Oct-Dec
Title: Using ICT for Training Teachers in Design and Technology Education (TTDTE) 
Author Name: Gisli Thorsteinsson 
Synopsis: 
The paper outlines the TTPTE project (2010-2011) which was based on the need for innovative and effective ideas for increasing the efficiency of teachers' in design and technology daily work.  The project was aimed at finding new ways of how to support in-service teachers in design and technology education and how teachers themselves can upgrade their knowledge and teaching methods by using information and computer technology. The article recognises the development of pedagogy and its application for teaching, studying, and learning by using Virtual Learning Environments based on Computer Supported Cooperative Learning (CSCL).  Virtual Learning Environments (VLE)have given rise to innovative ways to teach and learn.  So far teaching and learning processes have been technologically driven as opposed to pedagogically led.  This can be seen in the context of teachers in design and technology education, where it has been developed for the support of in-service teachers.  The article promotes an understanding of the possibilities of implications of VLE technologies in education for in-service teachers in product design.  It can be shown that when pedagogical considerations are given weight in the development of such technology-based learning services; improvements arise for all stakeholders.

Doctoral Education Online: Challenging the Paradigm

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012
Issue: Oct-Dec
Title: Doctoral Education Online: Challenging the Paradigm 
Author Name: Hank Radda, B. Jean Mandernach 
Synopsis: 
While doctoral education is well-established in traditional academic environments, the role, value and function of online doctoral education is less clear. Interwoven with concerns about the online delivery format is the changing focus of doctoral education. As a function of social, technological and economic pressures, doctoral programs are expanding the traditional emphasis on basic research to include more integrated, applied models of inquiry. Understanding the unique needs and educational objectives of a scholar-practitioner model shifts concerns about online doctoral education from an emphasis on mode of delivery to an awareness of how the mode of delivery aligns with the broader learning model. The issue is not online or face-to-face, but rather rests in alignment of the theoretical model with development of curriculum and academic support structures. This paper highlights specific strategies and theoretical approaches underlying the creation of a doctoral online learning model focused on maintaining academic excellence while adapting to meet the needs of modern learners.

Thursday, 14 March 2013

Student’s Attitudes towards Craft and Technology in Iceland and Finland

Vol. 9 No. 2
Year: 2012

 Issue: July-September
Title
: Student’s Attitudes towards Craft and Technology in Iceland and Finland
Author Name
: Gisli Thorsteinsson, Brynjar Olafsson , Ossi Autio
Synopsis
:
Craft education in both Finland and Iceland originated over 140 years ago and was influenced by the Scandinavian Sloyd pedagogy. Since then, the subject has moved away from craft and towards technology, with the aim being to increase students’ technological abilities. In the beginning, the subject largely focused on the students copying artefacts, using a variety of handicraft tools: the purpose of this was to improve pupils’ manual skills, rather than their thinking skills. Today, however, the focus is also on the development of students’ thinking skills, which enables them to work through the various handicraft processes (from initial ideas to the final product). This work is based on the idea generation of students and is thus expected to increase their self-esteem and ingenuity. This paper is based on a comparative study of students’ attitudes towards craft and technology education in Finland and Iceland, which was undertaken by the University of Iceland and Helsinki University in the years 2011 and 2012. A quantitative survey was distributed to 213 school students and it consisted of 14 questions, which aimed to ascertain students’ attitudes towards craft and technology. A literature review was subsequently completed, in order to examine and compare the origins of craft education in Finland and Iceland. The review highlighted that, despite the origins of craft education in Finland and Iceland being similar, the Icelandic national curriculum placed greater emphasis on design and innovation, whereas the Finnish national curriculum focused on the development of students’ personalities and gender issues. The survey also showed differences in students’ attitudes towards craft and technology education in the two countries: these differences may be explained by differences in the national curriculums and the different pedagogical traditions. However, this finding needs to be examined further through research.